Winter Fire Safety Series: How and When to Use a Fire Extinguisher

Most fires start small, thus they can be contained and eliminated by using the appropriate fire extinguisher within a couple minutes. All fire extinguishers list a class and rating number, which is listed and labeled by an independent testing laboratory. The higher the rating number, the more fire that unit can extinguish. It is also important to note that units with a high rating number are also larger and more cumbersome, thus portable fire extinguishers are most appropriate for extinguishing or containing small fires.

Before attempting to fight a fire, you should make certain that everyone is out of the building, and that the fire department has been contacted. If the fire begins to spread or threatens your escape path, get out of the building immediately. Additionally, you, as the extinguisher's operator, must know how to use the extinguisher quickly without using valuable time to read and understand the fire extinguisher's instructions. Finally, if there is any question as to whether you should attempt to fight the fire, don't.

The four most important steps (PASS device) to using a fire extinguisher effectively are:

Pull - Some fire extinguishers require a locking latch, which is released by pulling a pin or pressing a puncture lever.

Aim - When using a fire extinguisher, aim low by pointing the nozzle directly at the base of the fire.

Squeeze - Squeezing the handle firmly releases the extinguishing agent.

Sweep - Sweep the unit from side to side at the base of the fire until it appears to be extinguished. Pay close attention to the fire area in case the fire breaks out again, and repeat the use of the extinguisher if necessary.

Many portable fire extinguishers work according to these instructions. Locate the label on your fire extinguisher and familiarize yourself with its instructions for use. Again, do not wait until you need to use the extinguisher to read the instructions.

For training and/or practice using a portable fire extinguisher you should contact your local fire department for information about public training sessions. Remember to plan ahead.